We have all had difficulty testing diodes in-circuit. Most DMM’s have a diode Vf function that measures forward drop, but what is the normal voltage drop? Analog VOM’s attempt to measure resistance of ...

Diodes whose reverse-breakdown characteristics are controlled precisely during manufacture are called as Zener diodes and are intended specifically for operation in the reverse breakdown mode ...

Designing automotive electronics presents numerous technical challenges, including the need to protect against electrical hazards under the hood and in the cabin. The three major sources of electrical ...

Digital multimeters (DMM), once called voltmeters, have been described as the tape measure for engineers in the new millennium. With electronics and electrical circuits included in almost every ...

Snubbers play an important role in switch-mode power supplies. To understand use of the snubber, we have to look at the performance of a switch-mode power supply. Fig. 1. RCD and R2CD snubbers for ON ...

We’ve all experienced the effect of electrostatic discharge at some point in our lives, the most common case being a tingling sensation one feels after touching a door knob or any metal surface. When ...