Linear mixed models (LMMs) serve as a versatile statistical framework, combining fixed effects that capture the overall trends with random effects that account for variability across subjects, ...

When researchers verify the effects of genes or gene–environment interactions on common diseases or age-related diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, or coronary heart disease, they usually regard age ...

A hybrid method that combines Laplace's approximation and Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate integrals in the likelihood function is proposed for estimation of the parameters in nonlinear mixed ...