A new evolutionary definition of cell types is presented. Cell types are evolutionary units defined by common descent rather than phenotypic similarity, and characterized by their ability to evolve ...

Shared ancestry may produce ecological similarity, with closely related species having similar ecological niches 8,9. This idea may be traced back to Darwin’s famous statement that the struggle for ...

The history of life stretches back untold eons. Today, there is a staggering array of organisms on Earth, with more species being discovered every year. The complexity of life, from the smallest ...

The life sciences focus on patterns, processes, and relationships of living organisms. Life is self-contained, self-sustaining, self-replicating, and evolving, operating according to laws of the ...