Abstract: This article studies the two-dimensional (2-D) rectangle packing area minimization problem (RPAMP), a key subproblem in floor planning for very large-scale integration (VLSI) chip design.

The EU's Anti-Coercion Instrument could limit access to public tenders in the bloc or restrict trade in services in which the U.S. has a surplus with the EU. A draft charter sent to about 60 countries ...