Abstract: In this paper, we propose three modular multiplication algorithms that use only the IEEE 754 binary floating-point operations. Several previous studies have used floating-point operations to ...

Feb. 2, 2026 NASA’s Perseverance rover has just made history by driving across Mars using routes planned by artificial intelligence instead of human operators. A vision-capable AI analyzed the same ...

The original version of this story appeared in Quanta Magazine. All of modern mathematics is built on the foundation of set theory, the study of how to organize abstract collections of objects. But in ...