What is Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery (Brain Pacemaker)? Deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery (sometimes referred to as a "brain pacemaker") is a technological surgical procedure involving the placement of two electrodes inside the brain and connect them via extension cables to a neurostimulator (pulse generator). This implantable pulse generator sends electrical impulses, through implanted electrodes, to specific targets in the brain (brain nuclei) for the treatment of some disorders including