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HIP ASSESSMENT SERIES PART 13: THOMAS TEST FOR ILIOPSOAS TIGHTNESS Hip flexion can be impaired not only to a tight rectus femoris muscle but more often than not due to tightness of the iliopsoas muscle. The Thomas test is the most common quick test to assess for contractures or tightness of this muscle that runs from the lateral part of the segments T12-L4 and the iliac fossa to the lesser trochanter. | Physiotutors

The Psoas Major is a deep core stabilizer and one of the most powerful hip flexors in the human body. It originates from the lumbar vertebrae and inserts into the lesser trochanter of the femur, enabling hip flexion, external rotation, and lumbar spine stabilization. This muscle plays a critical role in walking, running, maintaining upright posture, and transferring forces between the spine and lower limb. Weakness or tightness in the psoas can lead to low back pain, pelvic imbalance, or gait dy

Psoas major anatomy: The psoas major is a deep muscle that originates from the transverse processes, vertebral bodies, and intervertebral discs of T12 to L5. It travels downward through the pelvic cavity, passes deep to the inguinal ligament, and inserts into the lesser trochanter of the femur. Along its course, it lies adjacent to the lumbar plexus, ureter, and abdominal aorta. It’s innervated by branches of the lumbar plexus, primarily from spinal nerves L1 to L3, and occasionally L4. Function